Seven Sioux tribes formed an alliance, which they called Oceti Sakowin or Očhéthi Šakówiŋ ("The Seven Council Fires"),[5] consisting of the four tribes of the Eastern Dakota, two tribes of the Western Dakota (erroneously classified, for a very long time, as "Nakota"),[6] as well as the largest group, the Lakota (often referred to as Teton, derived from Thítȟuŋwaŋ – "Dwellers of the Plains"). [28] The MPRB stated they would continue to keep the signage of Bde Maka Ska at the lake and Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey said, "I will continue to call Bde Maka Ska by its rightful name. In the United States, the Mdewakanton survive with other federally recognized Dakota and Yankton-Yanktonai bands as Dakota peoples: Some Mdewakanton in Minnesota live among Ojibwe people on the Mille Lacs Reservation as Mille Lacs Band of Mdewakanton Dakota, forming one of the historical bands that were amalgamated to become the Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe. 1 Dakota and Ojibwe Language Revitalization In Minnesota Cansa’yapi - Lower Sioux Indian Community Mdewakanton - Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community Pezihutazizi Oyate - Upper Sioux Community Tinta Winta - Prairie Island Indian Community Asabiikone-zaaga’igan - Bois Forte Band of Chippewa Gaa-waabaabiganikaag - White Earth Band of Ojibwe Gaa-zagaskwaajimekaag - Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe Over the years they migrated up through present-day Ohio and into Wisconsin. [18], In 2017, the Minneapolis Park Board voted unanimously to recommend changing the lake's name back to Bde Maka Ska[19] and the Hennepin County commissioners agreed. [3] A plaque on the east side of the lake commemorates the mission station built by Samuel and Gideon Pond where they created the first alphabet for the Dakota language[4] at Cloudman's Village. [5] The Como-Harriet Streetcar Line operates between the lake and Lake Harriet. The lake itself is popular for canoeing, kayaking, and windsurfing, and it has three swimming beaches. Calhoun's legacy as a slaveowner and pro-slavery politician led critics to question whether he was the best person to be honored. [24][25][2] Park signs around the lake use only the name Bde Maka Ska. Bde Maka Ska is the largest lake in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, and part of the city's Chain of Lakes. The lake has an area of 401 acres (1.62 km2) and a maximum depth of 87 feet (27 m). Minnesota River′, village at Lake Calhoun), This page was last edited on 27 April 2020, at 05:34. Because the Mdewakantonwan had earlier abandoned the lands due to intrusion by the Chippewa and various ecological reasons, and were effectively living in Minnesota, they effectively gained payment for land they no longer occupied.[4]. In 1687 Greysolon du Lhut recorded his visit to the "great village of the Nadouecioux, called Izatys"[3] on the southwestern shore of the eponymous Mde Wakan [Lake Mystery/Holy], now called Mille Lacs Lake in north central Minnesota. The art project here reflects the enduring relationships to this place that are embodied in the Dakota language. Their historic home is Mille Lacs Lake in central Minnesota, which in the Dakota language was called Mde wakan (mystic/spiritual lake). Language, land, and traditions of the people are the three foundations of Dakota identity, as represented by the tripod of tipi poles that hold up traditional dwelling places – and in unique ways Bde Maka Ska connects Dakota people to all of those cultural assets. Their legal counsel concluded that the board could not legally change the name, as state law gives that power to the Commissioner of Natural Resources, and then only in the first 40 years after the name was designated. [1] In March 2016, an advisory group decided by majority vote to urge the MPRB to restore the lake's former name. Originally the term Santee was applied only to the Mdewakanton and later the closely related and allied Wahpekute. For this and many other reasons, this lake is an important place in Dakota history. Some fish consumption guideline restrictions have been placed on the lake's bluegill, crappie, largemouth bass, northern pike, walleye, and white sucker due to mercury and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid contamination. The Language subpage offers translation of the Dakota words at the Bde Maka Site, notes on orthography – the way a language is written and more. The project also recognizes the significance of this site as the place where Dakota first became a written language. The lake is part of the Grand Rounds National Scenic Byway, connecting with Lake of the Isles on the northeast, Cedar Lake and Brownie Lake on the northwest, and Lake Harriet on the south. Dakota people are modern people, living in a modern world, treasuring Dakota values, traditions, and places. 2. the area of the states of North Dakota and South Dakota (hypernym) geographical area, geographic area, geographical region, geographic region (part-holonym) United States, United States of America, America, US, U.S., USA, U.S.A. 3. the Siouan language spoken by the Dakota people (hypernym) Siouan, Siouan language Dictionary source: WordNet 2.0 [14][15] At the time, the Minneapolis Star Tribune published an article quoting Calhoun's views on the black race: The number of deaf and dumb, blind, idiots and insane of the Negroes in the States that have changed the ancient relations between the races [and are no longer slaves] is one out of every ninety-six; while in the States adhering to it [slavery], it is one out of every six hundred and sixty-one; being nearly six to one against the free blacks in the same state, as well as his actions in ordering the flogging of one his own slaves. For the lake in Kandiyohi County, see, Lake Calhoun (Kandiyohi County, Minnesota), Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, "How to say Lake Calhoun's Dakota name: 'Bde Maka Ska, "Feds now recognize Lake Calhoun as Bde Maka Ska", "Renaming Lake Calhoun: Native American activist Syd Beane explains the Minneapolis lake's name change", "Lake Maka Ska has a nice historical ring to it", "Dakota name for Calhoun probably originated with predecessor tribe", "Lake Calhoun name change gets another look in Minneapolis", "Minneapolis Park Board gives fresh look at renaming Lake Calhoun after South Carolina shootings", "John C. Calhoun, namesake of a Minneapolis lake, beat his slaves and trumpeted slavery", "Lakes panel urges restoring Bde Maka Ska name for Lake Calhoun", "New petition seeks to rename Lake Calhoun for Wellstone", "Minneapolis Park Board votes to change Lake Calhoun name to Bde Maka Ska", "Bde Maka Ska recommended by County Board", "Re: The Proposed Renaming of Lake Calhoun, Minnesota Public Water No. [35], Zebra mussels, an aquatic invasive species, were found in the lake in 2018. There is Bde Maka Ska Park and surrounding park land offers parking, picnicking, volleyball, and athletic fields. [16] In fall 2015 the board added the Dakota name to signage below the official name. [36], "Lake Calhoun" redirects here. Dakota people are modern people, living in a modern world, treasuring Dakota values, traditions, and places. The name at the Federal level will remain Bde Maka Ska as was approved at the BGN's June 21, 2018 meeting". Having known the devastating effects that language loss can have communities and individuals, Dakota people understand well how important language is to creating a sense of community, a sense of connection to one another and to the places where we live. The Bde Maka Ska name restoration is, for Dakota people, part of a larger effort to reinvigorate the use of their language. [30] The decision was appealed to the Minnesota Supreme Court, which heard oral argument November 13, 2019. Listen to Dakota people as they share information about Minnesota’s most enduring culture. subpage offers translation of the Dakota words at the Bde Maka Site, notes on orthography – the way a language is written and more. Calhoun had also authorized the construction of Fort Snelling, one of the earliest American settlements in the state. Another Dakota name for the lake may have been Mde Med'oza, which was the name initially adopted by settlers, either as Lake Medoza or in translation as Loon Lake. [11], The United States Secretary of War, John C. Calhoun, sent the Army to survey the area that would surround Fort Snelling in 1817. Listen to Dakota people as they share information about Minnesota’s most enduring culture. Minnesota Dakota communities carry out grassroots initiatives that provide social services, preserve the Dakota language, and educate young people about traditional Dakota culture. To subscribe to the Dakota Talk Radio bi-weekly newsletter to find out more about programming and current news at the Resource Center, send an email to This email address is being protected from spambots. Albert H. Sperry, "Shakopee-Mdewakanton Indian Reservation", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mdewakanton&oldid=953413412, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, real Wakpaatonwedan (lived along Rice creek, Minnesota), Kiyuska (′violators of custom′, ′rule breakers′, lived below, Titonwan or Tintaotonwe (′Village of the prairie′, theirs was the largest Mdewakanton village, which was south of the Minnesota River and east of the present downtown of, real Matantonwan (lived at the mouth of the Minnesota River), Pinisha or Pinichon (lived at Nine Mile creek on the north shore of the Minnesota River about nine miles above Fort Snelling, named after chief Pinisha, ″Good Road″), Mahpiyamaza or Makhpiyamaza (their village was in the 1850s on the west side of the Mississippi River above the mouth of St. Croix near the present site of, Mahpiyawichasta (lived in the vicinity of today's, Kheyataotonwe or Kay-yah-ta Otonwa (′Village whose houses have roofs′, presumably identical with a village of the same name of chief, Reyata otonwe or Reyata Otonwa (′People who live back from the river, i.e. At Ȟeyáta Othúŋwe, the village at Bde Maka Ska, the Dakota language was first written down. Several Dakota names claimed for Lake Calhoun The conundrum over the lake's name has sharply divided Minneapolis and illustrates the difficulty of interpreting history through a 21st-century lens. Following the Charleston church shooting in June 2015, a fresh drive to change the name started via an online petition and the Park Board indicated it would look into whether they could change the lake's name through state action. The lake has an area of 401 acres and a maximum depth of 87 feet. [10] The Dakota also described it as Heyate Mde, meaning the set back lake. Together with the Wahpekute (Waȟpékhute – "Shooters Among the Trees"), they form the so-called Upper Council of the Dakota or Santee Sioux (Isáŋyáthi – "Knife Makers"). Their Siouan-speaking ancestors may have migrated to the upper Midwest from further south and east. Surrounded by city park land and circled by bike and walking trails, it is popular for many outdoor activities.

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