At shows in Rome these exhibitions became wildly popular and increased in size from three pairs at the first known exhibition in 264 BCE to 300 pairs in the time of Julius Caesar (died 44 BCE). Gladiator, professional combatant in ancient Rome. Although the first privately organised Roman gladiator contests in 264 BCE were to commemorate the de… Most Roman gladiators were de-facto slaves, and as such had no rights in Roman society and were scarcely considered people. For example, in the use of animal sacrifice for divining the future, the use of the symbolic fasces and organising gladiatorial games. The Romans believed that the first gladiators were slaves who were made to fight to the death at the funeral of a distinguished aristocrat, Junius Brutus Pera, in 264 BC. The gladiators originally performed at Etruscan funerals.

Some gladiators were volunteers who risked their lives and their legal and social standing by appearing in the arena. A gladiator (Latin: gladiator, "swordsman", from gladius, "sword") was an armed combatant who entertained audiences in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire in violent confrontations with other gladiators, wild animals, and condemned criminals. A Roman gladiator was a man (rarely a woman), typically a convicted criminal or enslaved person, who participated in one-on-one battles with each other, often to the death, for the entertainment of crowds of spectators in the Roman Empire. The Romans were influenced by their predecessors in Italy, the Etruscans, in many ways.

The Etruscans associated these contests with the rites of death and so they had a certain religious significance. For every epic story of a gladiator becoming a legend of the arena and winning fame and freedom, thousands of others died anonymously on the sand.

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